A Scottish research group composed of a bike org called Developing Mountain Biking in Scotland, the Scottish Borders Health and Social Care Partnership’s Galashiels Resource Center, and Edinburgh Napier University, have been studying the positive mental health benefits of mountain biking since September. They hope to have hard data about the results of their study soon, but so far the results on the ground have the researchers and cycling advocates feeling pretty optimistic: Participants have been “buzzing from enjoyment” after their rides, exactly what you’d hope for with mental health therapy.
And I would know, I’ve been self-medicating with mountain bikes for a while now.
“It certainly seems to have been one of the best-attended programs the partnership has delivered with staff reporting an exceptional response from everyone taking part,” said Robert McCulloch-Graham, the partnership’s chief of health and social integration.
UK off-roading. Photo: John Gough
Each week, riders in the study were given mountain bikes and sent out on two-hour rides through the Glentress trail system near Peebles, Scotland, about 20 miles south of Edinburgh. It was hoped the unique combination of being outside, exercising, overcoming difficulties on the trail, and learning new skills that mountain biking can provide would show immediate positive benefits to participants suffering from mental health issues.
“Not only did [health care workers] find it useful to be able to work with participants in a real-life setting, they were also able to observe some genuine progress being made in terms of personal resilience, self-efficacy, social skills, and confidence,” said McCulloch-Graham.
“We think this is a fantastic program and through our observations we can see that the participants really enjoyed mountain biking and the experience,” said Edinburgh Napier University sports psychologist Tony Westbury.
The hope is to quantify the specific benefits the pilot program provided, then use that information to build mountain biking for mental health programs throughout Scotland. Scottish doctors have been open to the idea of getting outside for health and well-being for some time now, with Shetlands Islands doctors prescribing hiking, or “nature prescriptions” for all sorts of health issues.
The author’s therapist couch. Photo: Housman
Purely from an anecdotal perspective, this makes perfect sense to me. Mountain biking has proved to be something of a lifeline in my own struggles with mental health issues.
Mountain biking became an integral part of my outdoor activity toolkit last year. Almost immediately, I started to see the bike as a salve for nagging anxiety issues I’ve struggled with since childhood.
For years, I’ve relied mostly on a combination of talk therapy, meditation, and working out in a gym to quiet the hamster wheel of an anxious mind spinning out of control. Surfing, something my life has revolved around for the better part of 25 years, can often serve to enhance anxiety, paradoxically. Too many variables out of my control—swell size, winds, tides, sandbars—often means scrambling to surf when all those hoops align with a free couple of hours to easily be jumped through. Missing waves provoked anxiety. Missing work to surf did the same.
But the bike and the trails are always right there, waiting, just where I left them.
More thrilling than trail running, with all the same beauty. Photo: Tim Foster
Initially, I took to dirt riding because it looked fun as hell, and I like doing things that are fun as hell. I gave no thought whatsover to any positive developments for my mental health. But it wasn’t long, seriously, like three rides, before it became a daily must for me to swing a leg over the saddle and bomb down a singletrack somewhere, because it helped slow down my racing thoughts, and gave me something positive to look forward to at the end of the day. A bit of scheduled adventure time.
Fortunately, I live a short drive, or long pedal, from Marin County, California, and its wonderland of redwood-lined trails and fireroads, most with stunning views of the wild Pacific ocean, or cascading waterfalls, or both. Each afternoon I can show up at a favored trailhead and, unless it’s pouring down trail-wrecking rain, ride until I’m a sweaty, grinning mess.
For that hour or two, I’m not worried about anything. Not money, not climate change, not my soon-to-be daughter, not work stresses, not existential crises about choices made, not anxiety about anxiety itself. Nothing. I’m focusing on hammering the pedals to climb a nasty grade, flying over a rock garden as fast as I can, zooming through trees like I’m riding a speederbike on Endor, dodging Ewoks and Scout Troopers, the wind whistling, echoes of my shouted hoots lingering in the trees.
When I finally glide back to the trailhead, muddy, sometimes bloody, totally physically spent, my brain is pumping with endorphins and I wouldn’t have the energy to feel anxiety even if a mountain lion leapt at me from the bushes. It’s the closest I ever come to zen—while awake anyway.
Self-medicating. In a good way. Photo: William Hook
There’s a unique combination of fun and exhaustion in mountain biking that I haven’t found in any other activity. Trail running would seem to be a close cousin to singletrack riding, but it misses out on the visceral, grin-inducing, yew-generating thrill I get from mountain biking. Running is fun when you finish—I’m having fun on a bike from the moment my feet hit the pedals.
At this point, I’m not even sure what I’d do without that dose of feel good at the end of the day.
Right on, Scottish doctors and sports psychologists. You’re on the right (single) track.
As somebody who’s spent most of my life on bikes and had my own battles with anxiety and depression, I agreed with and appreciated all you said here. Without bike rides….
Yes. Bikes are just cool. Especially in the woods on trails.
My son and I have spent many afternoons and evenings riding mtn bikes. Memories I will always treasure
Thank you for sharing. One of the things I love most about mountain biking is that stillness and quietness in my mind while I’m riding.
Right on!
I Totally agree ! I bike so I can eat what I want , exercise to keep fit , reflect on life , reset from work, and most importantly have a blast while doing it 😉
I’ve given up cycling due to me being intentionally knocked off my bike and now finding myself suffering massively from depression and anxiety. When I was cycling it gave me an escape and I didn’t think about anything. It’s Damn hard to find the motivation.
Once you’re outside taking a break on your favorite trail and absorbing it all in, you’ll say to yourself that getting out there wasn’t that hard after all.
Interesting that some extreme sports seem to be inherently anxiety inducing and others aren’t. I love cycling. But am not very good at it :(. I was a climber until I got tendinitis in both elbows. And that was my recreational therapy for a long long time. I now run an ecotherapy company where wellbeing is established through activities in a woodland setting. If you have any queries about how to obtain qualitative and quantitative data to support your hypothesis please let me know.
Would you please share more about your ecotherapy company? (or a website, please.)
Great article. Reminds me of why I fell in love with mountain biking after only one ride. And partly explains the depression I’ve been struggling with for years, since I haven’t been able to ride for a while. I really need to get back into riding, and re-discover my love for it.
It is just amazing. Having seen the movie “Klunkers” and having lived in Marin County in the 70’s near Mt. Tam, I’m thinking that there are a lot of endorphins there! But now I live in Massachusetts and can attest that they’re here too, not to mention in NH and VT.
The feeling of freedom that biking gives you is unparalleled. To me, it is as close as flying like a bird.